We then look at research that studies emergency management organizations as they seek to understand how social media might be used in their practice. This research investigates public activity (citizen reporting, community-oriented computing, and collective intelligence and distributed problem solving) and demonstrates how social media have shaped-and continue to shape-perceptions around how members of the public can participate in an emergency. ![]() Attention then turns to the research around social media in times of crisis. To address these challenges, we propose the use of performance measures, standards, best practices, digital volunteers, training, and exercises. ![]() First, we consider the emergency practitioner and the challenges they face when using social media: difficulties in verifying social media data, liability risks, information overload, and a lack of resources to manage social media communications and data. Chapter 11 of "CRITICAL ISSUES IN DISASTER SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT: A Dialogue Between Researchers and Practitioners" reports on the challenges and opportunities made possible by social media in the field of emergency management.
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